Defecation, disease, and death are not just three unrelated words—they are reality in Bangladesh. Every year 69,000 children die from diarrheal diseases there, primarily caused by unhygienic sanitation. In rural areas of Bangladesh only 32% of the villagers have access to hygienic sanitation, with the rest using unhygienic pit latrines or defecating openly.

Even government and leading NGOs have largely failed to solve this sanitation issue. They have undertaken a number of projects, both individually and jointly, to improve the sanitation situation of Bangladesh but failed to achieve any positive consequence because of two core reasons-

1. Poor villagers simply lack motivation to change their sanitation behavior. Even when they do shift to hygienic sanitation, they don’t continue for long. Soon they shift back to their previous unhygienic sanitation practice. Both government and NGOs failed to take such behavioral factor into consideration and therefore, could not bring any permanent change in rural sanitation scenario.
2. Villagers can’t afford safe sanitation. Flush toilets priced at $330, the only potential alternative of pit latrines and open defecation, are not affordable for the villagers earning $75 monthly income on an average.